Improving access to language services is a vital component in tackling social exclusion and two new linguistic initiatives in the field of education are proving just how important a factor this is. Bilingual school children in the US are volunteering to translate and interpret in order to bridge the language gap between parents and teachers. Whilst for the many foreign national marriage migrants in South Korea who do not speak Korean as a first language, multilingual programmes in kindergartens involving mothers and children have managed to strengthen the bond between these women and their children.

In the United States, pupils from a high school in North Carolina are involved in voluntary language activities aiming to overcome the language barrier between parents whose first language is not English and the teachers from the school. According to a report by news site WCNC, 37% of the school’s children are Hispanic and many of these children’s parents do not speak fluent English. To tackle this problem, a Translation Club was set up, headed by the Spanish teacher, whereby students volunteer to translate parent notices, brochures and school announcements. Apparently, before the club was founded, many children had to translate these documents at home for their parents who do not speak fluent English.

WCNC do not report on the confidentiality issues involved in this type of volunteer translating, but it does state that the scheme has become extremely popular and has enabled some parents to become more involved in their child’s education. For the pupils involved in the Translation Club, it also adds an extra element to their bilingual skills through learning the processes involved in the art of translation.

Meanwhile in Seoul, South Korea, a scheme has been launched by Library Modoo. It involves migrant mothers and aims to strengthen the bond with their children and improve their integration into South Korean society. Korea.net estimate that the growing number of marriage migrants rose to 167,000 in 2009, and many of these women are hampered by a language barrier. However, Joongang Daily report that due to the difficulty in accessing language courses, and relatives’ reluctance to allow the children to learn their mother’s native language, many mothers are unable to use their mother tongue to communicate with their children. This has a knock on effect as the children are often ashamed of their mother’s lack of proficiency in the Korean language, and the mother’s themselves become further excluded from society.

Library Modoo offers a library with over 16,000 books written in the various languages spoken by the women known as marriage migrants and a space to pass on this language and cultural knowledge to their children through reading sessions and cultural activities. It is hoped that through these schemes, children will become more interested in learning their mother’s native language and the mothers themselves shall enjoy a better integration into Korean society. The library now contains books from eleven different countries, and the library rules are written in a minimum of five different languages including Arabic, Chinese, English, Korean and Vietnamese.

Furthermore, the library also offers the marriage migrants the chance to write and direct weekly puppet shows that deal with cultural stories from their native country. The language composition of these performances is 80% Korean and 20% of the mother’s native language. The women are responsible for writing and directing the shows, and also selling tickets – an aspect which enables them to carry out income-generating activities and rebuild their self-esteem.

Both schemes have proved popular, and in the case of Modoo library, (Modoo meaning “everybody” in Korean) its popularity is such that a further two schemes have been implemented.

Tackling social exclusion is a process involving more than merely addressing language issues. But building these linguistic bridges is often the first, and vital step in improving the quality of life for all concerned.

Sources: www.wcnc.com; www.joongangdaily.joins.com; www.korea.net

Speak Dating is a new method of language learning that has proved a hit in the United Arab Emirates. It is a similar event to speed dating, but languages are the main pull as opposed to romance. The first event took place in May in Dubai, and boasted an impressive eleven different language combinations including Arabic, Russian, Turkish and Urdu.*

Arabic is the official language of the United Arab Emirates, but with over 140 different nationalities living there, English has emerged as the lingua franca between members of this international community, which unfortunately means that there is not much scope for practising languages other than English. This was a stumbling block for Bénédicte Hennebo (the founder of Speak Dating, herself fluent in Dutch, English, French and Italian, and with a background in linguistics) when she moved to Dubai and wanted to learn Arabic. However, this situation prompted her to create Speak Dating – not only to improve efficiency in a foreign language, but also to promote a deeper understanding of other cultures.

 The event has already attracted a lot of media attention, including articles published on the Time Out and Gulf News websites, in which the format of the sessions is explained: The Shelter workspace centre in Dubai hosts the monthly meetings, where tables are set out with designated languages and teachers. Participants register by language interest and also state whether they will act as a teacher or a learner. Each teacher has a specific table, the learners move between them, and after a certain amount of time they swap roles. Partners are matched on suitable levels of language proficiency and meet up after the event to continue the language exchange and also to deepen their cultural knowledge.

One participant stated that he was already able to converse with more people in his workplace; another language couple realised they lived in the same block of flats which made it more convenient to arrange meetings; and a further couple have spent evenings at each other’s homes, speaking each other’s languages and experiencing each other’s cultures.

The organisers have stated that this event is not suitable for absolute beginners, as the focus is on “language practice” and furthering a person’s language skills. “A language exchange is also a wonderful way to learn the real spoken language and the foreign culture. Therefore, it is a great way to bridge the gap between the language classroom and the full immersion” states Speak Dating’s Facebook page.

Let’s hope that Speak Dating will be making its way over to the UK in the very near future!

*Time Out Dubai

Sources: www.timeoutdubai.com; www.gulfnews.com; www.shelter.ae; www.thenational.ae

The British Museum was the place to be this weekend for the live translation event. The format was simple, but nonetheless exciting: one text, two languages (French into English), two different translations, and two translators justifying the linguistic decisions behind their translation choices. And if this wasn’t enough, joining them on the stage was the author of the text himself! This is a luxury rarely afforded to translators and we are sure it provided for some passionate exchanges!

The event formed part of the World Literature Weekend organized by the London Review of Books. The live translation debate involved Sarah Ardizzone, Frank Wynne and was chaired by Daniel Hahn – all renowned translators. The author in question is Alain Mabanckou, a French-speaking Congolese author of international acclaim, who provided the short story. The London Review of Books website promised discussions on “How to balance spirit and accuracy?”; dealing with slang, puns and the dreaded “untranslatable words”; and cultural transposition was also on the agenda.

In her Guardian blog prior to the event, participating translator Sarah Ardizzone provided further background: out of the texts 56 sentences, the sole instance where both translations are identical is the following one-word phrase: “’Really?’”. The translators involved had not seen each others’ versions, as opposed to the Chair who had a copy of both texts – an element which surely added an extra spark to the proceedings! The audience were also provided with a copy of the source text and the two translated texts.

The Translation People eagerly await the post-event reports and will most definitely be signing up for next year’s event. But for translators, linguists, or book lovers, then Saturday afternoon at the British Museum was certainly the place to be this weekend!

Sources: “Walking the tightrope between translation and interpretation”; Sarah Ardizzone; www.guardian.co.uk

London Review Bookshop: www.lrbshop.co.uk

The profession of translating came under an unexpected spotlight when the film ‘Letters to Juliet’ was released earlier this month. Verona, Italy, (the setting of Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’) provides the backdrop of the film and it is the city which is also home to The Juliet Club – a group of 15 volunteer translators that every year translate and respond to the thousands of letters addressed to ‘Juliet’, hailing from the broken-hearted from all corners of the world.

People have been leaving such letters at ‘Juliet’s supposed tomb’ since 1890’* and for over seventy years, The Juliet Group has been replying to these letters, which currently amount to some 6,000 per year. A variety of languages are covered internally including Arabic, French, Japanese, Russian and Spanish, but due to the popularity of their work, the group can rely on a vast network of volunteers ready to translate into any world language, as well as Braille.

Other linguistic initiatives in the city of Verona centred around the themes of love and romance include the ‘Writing for Love’ award which is an international prize awarded on a yearly basis for any written text dealing with the subject of love; and the ‘Cara Giulietta’ or ‘Dear Juliet’ prize which is the club’s own award for the ‘most compelling letter’ of the year, regardless of the letter’s source language.

‘Letters To Juliet’ is a film that looks set to warm the hearts of the romantically inclined the world over, whatever the language involved. And it has also provided an unexpected window into a profession where anonymity is usually key.

*The Times
Sources: The Times; Odeon Cinemas; The Juliet Club

For three weeks in 2010, football will be the lingua franca uniting millions of people throughout the world. But this does not mean that language issues have been pushed to the sidelines. Far from it. The provision of translation and interpreting services has been booming both by the host nation and further afield.

In May 2010, The Translation People reported on some of the linguistic highlights surrounding the 2010 FIFA World Cup™, but since going to press, exciting new developments have been announced.

The South African Government have since outlined 56 dedicated courts throughout the country set up to accommodate ‘transgressions of the law’ arising between 28 May 2010 and 25 July 2010. There are 93 foreign language interpreters and 110 local language interpreters involved in these special courts, and the move has been fully commended by FIFA; a 24-hour multilingual hotline for visitors should they require police or medical services; and the national emergency telephone service has been buoyed by 114 interpreters covering languages such as Russian, Chinese, Arabic, German and Urdu. In addition, the 18,000-strong team of volunteers on the ground come from 170 different countries and they are all required to be multilingual.

Closer to home, the BBC World Service are celebrating the opening and closing matches of the World Cup finals with a real-time football forum powered by automatic translation. Its aim is not only to unite fans, but to enable them to have a ‘global, multi-lingual conversation’. The forum is called World Cup Team Talk and is available in the following eleven languages: Albanian, Arabic, Brazilian, Chinese, English, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swahili, Vietnamese and Welsh. Using Google Translate as the machine translation tool, a comment posted in any of the aforementioned languages is automatically translated into the remaining languages and the translations simultaneously appear on the screen.

Nelson Mandela said that ‘If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.’ In a host country with eleven official languages, a multilingual national anthem, and thousands of international visitors to cater for in the next three weeks, South Africa is certainly doing its part to ensure that the only language people need to be fluent in is the international language of football itself.

Sources: BBC World Service; www.allAfrica.com; www.senego.com; www.lonelyplanet.com; www.gov.za

China’s economic foothold in Africa and Latin America has been growing for many years. The upward trend in Chinese outward direct foreign investment has meant that an increasing number of schools worldwide are incorporating the teaching of Mandarin Chinese into their syllabuses. In Indonesia, lessons in Mandarin Chinese are compulsory in some schools, whilst in the United States, extra-curricular language classes are proving increasingly popular.

Strengthening educational and cultural exchange and cooperation between China and other countries* led the Chinese government to set up the Confucius Institute. This promotes the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, and also provides native speaker teachers to the various Confucius Institutes located around the world. Its website records a total of 523 institutes in 87 countries as of October 2009 and it provides over 4,500 teachers on mostly three-year contracts.

The New York Times recently reported on two such schemes in Indonesia and the United States. In May 2010, it charted the success of the scheme in Lamongan, Indonesia, where teaching Mandarin Chinese is compulsory for every school in the region. In addition to language classes, the local government have also been holding “Mandarin speech contests” over the last two years. With Sino-Indonesian trade rising to just over $28 billion in 2009, this growing trade volume means that young people are keen to learn Chinese in order to improve their future employability.

In Mexico, the government has introduced a pilot scheme to teach school children Mandarin Chinese in the state of Aguascalientes, whilst in the United States, extra-curricular classes are becoming increasingly popular. And China’s inroads into the African continent have had such an impact, that Mandarin Chinese language teaching has been added to some primary school curriculums in Lagos, Nigeria.

As trade with China is set to increase dramatically over the coming decade, not only will these cultural and linguistic exchanges help to promote the teaching of Mandarin Chinese as a foreign language, these programmes will also mean increased mobility in the international labour market for the thousands of children involved.

*www.hanban.edu.cn

Sources:The New York Times, www.thisdayonline.com, LA Times