Getting it write – making the most of your translation spend

March 11th, 2010

Creative writing is not something that comes easy to most people. If it did, let’s face it, we’d all be best-selling authors, living off million dollar royalty payments! Nevertheless, writing copy that accurately conveys what you and your company stand for and, more importantly, reflects the image you want to project to the world is key to the success of any translation project.

Anecdotal evidence indicates that products which include properly translated material achieve better sales than those that don’t but often this documentation is given a low priority and ”cobbled together” at the last moment.

Authoring tools exist for larger volume projects but by following a few simple rules you too can bring benefits without any extra expense. It’s not complicated, but following these 5 steps can significantly improve the quality of the end translations AND bring financial benefits.

1. Does it actually need to be translated?

The first thing we would advise is that you review your source documentation to ensure that you actually need all the text translating – it sounds obvious, but it can save you time and money to simply focus on the key aspects.

Just because your English language brochure is 12 pages long, it doesn’t mean that foreign language versions have to be the same. We recommend that you only translate the relevant sections of existing documents, or produce shorter documents in your own language and have these translated.

2. Is this the final version?

Experience tells us that when project timescales are set, time required for the translation process is normally underestimated, or sometimes forgotten altogether.

It can seem like a great idea to get the ball rolling as soon as you have something down on paper but, in actual fact, sending a non-approved draft version of your copy out for translation can become more time-consuming and therefore more expensive.

Constant re-writes can lead to confusion and opportunity for error on both sides so it’s essential to clearly highlight any changes you need to make. Sometimes, if the changes are extensive, renaming the file with a version number can help avoid any mistakes.

We appreciate that sometimes there really aren’t enough hours in the day, and with deadlines looming, emergency strategies have to be found. Using the latest Translation Memory Software, we can arrange a team of translators, often located throughout the world, to work together on your project while still ensuring the quality of product and consistency of terminology that you would expect.

3. Is your message clear and coherent?

Essentially: “DOES IT MAKE SENSE?”!

When writing marketing copy there is often a tendency to fudge and over-complicate the message with flowery language so it’s useful to check that what you are asking us to translate is clear and coherent, to ensure that the final translation also reads well.

After all, if the original English is low quality, the chances are that the translated version won’t read as well as it should either.

You need to be sure what you wish to achieve with the document, who your target audience is and what format the final document will take. This is all essential information to be passed to the translator at the outset.

If you need assistance, we have a database of authors experienced in the use of controlled languages such as Simplified English, thus ensuring consistency of terminology and elimination of possible ambiguity.

4. Is there too much “Business Speak”?

It seems like every week we hear Business Speak anecdotes in the press such as the Business Bingo game available on the BBC website

Lingo, jargon, argot, whatever you want to call it, it is understood that people throw these phrases into conversation because they think it makes them sound knowledgeable about subjects. In actual fact, it normally means the opposite! Sloppy clichés, impenetrable jargon and meaningless verbal litter simply clutter and obstruct clear communication and hide superficial thinking.

In short, business lingo often involves many words being used to say absolutely nothing. Imagine trying to translate that!

5. Is it a “local” or “international” document?

Finally, we would advise you to be cautious with country specific references (a common theme with marketing material) as there is a good chance that these won’t translate well: using a pun in your literature might work wonders in your source language but chances are it won’t in the target one! It’s especially important to be wary of references to parts of the body as this can be viewed negatively in some parts of the world.

This process, known as internationalisation, will ensure the actual content of your literature is as effective as possible.

English grammar follows many complicated rules and occasionally we all have problems deciding whether to use there or their, or if it should be “s apostrophe” or “apostrophe s”, but writing copy for translation is about more than simply understanding grammar rules.

Consistent use of corporate terminology in all documents associated with your brand makes it not only cheaper but easier to translate clearly and thus control your corporate image overseas. To assist the translator, corporate glossaries, reference materials, and previous approved translations should all be provided and you should be open to queries and requests for clarification.

 The ITI (Institute of Translation and Interpreting), of which The Translation People are Corporate Members, publishes a guide to help Translation Buyers. They discuss issues such as what costs to expect and how long to schedule for the process, but one of the main things they underline is the importance of getting your original copy right before you even approach the translator.

European Commission to raise the bar for fair trials with improved translation and interpretation services

March 10th, 2010

Yesterday the European Commission (EC) announced welcome plans to make full and proper translation and interpretation services available for all suspects involved in criminal proceedings. Human Rights organisations have applauded this move which will enable citizens to exercise their right to a fair trial anywhere in the community, regardless of their country of origin or native language.

In such a multicultural environment, it seems implausible that the cases cited in the europa.eu press release were ever allowed to take place: ‘the Italian tourist involved in a traffic accident in Sweden who was not allowed to talk to an Italian-speaking lawyer during trial’ and the ‘Polish suspect who could not see written translations of evidence used against him in a French court’. The proposed legislation is a step forward in ensuring that such situations remain consigned to the past and become unacceptable in today’s society.

This new Directive targets the provision of translation and interpretation services both before and during criminal proceedings and covers three main areas. In the case of interpretation, this will be provided for communication with lawyers, during police interrogation and also at court. For translation, all essential documents will need to be translated which means that charge sheets, for example, will require a full translation instead of a mere overall oral summary of the evidence. And finally, it is hoped that people will no longer be pressurised into waiving their rights to access language services as in the future, speaking to a solicitor can take place in the presence of an interpreter.

The EU Observer in Brussels reported that in 2002 the European Parliament and Amnesty International backed a similar Directive, but as all member states could not agree – the proposal was unsuccessful. However, with the heightened usage of the controversial European Arrest Warrant (EAW) and increased European mobility, it is hoped that proper language representation will soon be available in all criminal proceedings – not just in court, but also in every stage prior to trial. It is anticipated that the improved charge sheet information will come into force as soon as summer 2010.

A further issue addressed by the planned legislation is the cost of providing these language services, which will no longer be the responsibility of the individual but borne by the Member State instead.

This new Directive is sure to provoke a backlash from many British tabloids, already quick to criticise the high cost to the ‘taxpayer’ of these vital (yet evidently deficient) translation and interpretation services. However, for an alternative opinion grounded in the principles of the EU Charter for Human Rights, we turn to Viviane Reding, the European Commissioner for Justice, Fundamental Rights and Citizenship who stated that the proposal was the ‘first important step towards a Europe where justice knows no borders. Nobody in the EU should ever feel that their rights and their protections are weakened simply because they are not in their home countries.’ Unhindered access to translation and interpretation services is certainly one step in the right direction to ensure true mobility between Member States and equality for all citizens.

Bowlingual: Barking mad or a new level of communication?

March 9th, 2010

Described as a “translator”, a mode of communication between humans and dogs, Bowlingual is a “translation” tool developed by Takara Tomy, a Japanese toy company. This device first came onto the market in 2002, but has been back in the media recently with the imminent release of a Bowlingual application for mobile phone devices. Although Bowlingual was designed for fun and not intended as a serious translation tool, it was developed in consultation with a vet and an acoustics laboratory and so isn’t complete fiction.

This little device analyzes your trusty pet’s bark. It segregates the bark into six emotional categories and then offers up a number phrases as translations of the barks. While these phrases are not intended as a direct translation of your dog’s bark they do add an extra element of fun to the device. When you first buy Bowlingual, you have to get your dog to bark into a receiver and a special algorithm will record the bark and store your dogs corresponding desire.

The new Bowlingual iPhone App, scheduled to be released in the summer will allow you to update your dog’s feelings directly to a Twitter page. This does seem barking mad, but it is billed as a mode of linking up dog owners though the increasingly popular social media site Twitter.

The Translation People don’t offer translation services for dogs, but if you have any human language translation requirements, we will be more than happy to help.

Microsoft unveils telephone capable of real-time translation

March 9th, 2010

The Translating! Telephone: an innovative blend of automatic speech recognition and machine translation; packed with text-to-speech and intelligent voice-recognition software; enhanced with a back translation tool and topped with archive and search facilities – this is not just automatic translation, this is Microsoft automatic translation! Described as a tantalizing glimpse into the future of real-time multilingual communication, this new language tool was certainly the item du jour for linguists at TechFest 2010.

TechFest is an annual event where developers from Microsoft Research facilities across the world meet to discuss innovative projects in progress and The Translating! Telephone hails from the Speech Group at Microsoft Research Asia (MSR Asia). However, researches have stressed that this project is still in its development stage and it could be a decade before it becomes ready for commercial use. Nevertheless, it has been mooted as a solution to language barriers in business and social environments where gist translations are preferable to no translation at all – not as a substitute for professional translators.

Microsoft’s research website explains how the tool combines three key technologies: speech recognition, machine translation and text-to-speech software. It is unclear as to which languages would be supported down the line, but the demo was carried out in German and English. Users connected by a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) are able to speak in their native (or chosen) language which is recognised by automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology, transformed via automated translation and synthesised using text-to-speech.

Touted as a step towards unified communications, it certainly boasts some impressive features. Firstly, the inputted source language is almost simultaneously translated and output via audio format in the other user’s target language. Secondly, all speech is transcribed for verification, archiving and retrieval purposes and what is more, underneath this transcription is a back translation feature which appears as a table at the bottom of the screen – thus enabling users to check if the translation process is performing correctly. Finally, the transcription benefits from being ‘storable, browsable, searchable’ and cut-and-paste-able! As it is an intelligent piece of software, it is said that the translation quality will increase as the system learns the user’s voice.

It may well be a decade before The Translating! Telephone is market ready but with the combination of voice-generating software, automatic translation and a user-friendly interface, it looks set to become a staple of international offices in the not to distant future.

Voice-generating technology hitting all the right notes

March 5th, 2010

Artificial voice generators generally receive a lot of bad press, but this week was an exception. Two developments in the communications market were announced to worldwide acclaim: a silent-speech device incorporating an automatic translation tool with a twist; and a bespoke voice synthesizer which was aired on the Oprah Winfrey Show.

Silence was certainly speaking volumes at the CeBIT trade fair in Germany this week when scientists from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) demonstrated a device capable of ‘lipreading’ and transforming these movements into speech. The technology in question is called Silent Sounds which according to AFP works by electromyography – ‘monitoring the muscular movements produced when we speak and converting them into electrical pulses that can then be turned into speech.’

Currently the device functions through a variety of electrodes attached to the skin but it is anticipated that within a decade, the technology will become an everyday feature of mobile phones once it can be integrated into handsets. It is said to be 99 per cent accurate at the moment, but its success with different accents or technical language remains to be seen.

However, Silent Sounds does boast another feature and that is the automatic translation application which translates the input language into an output language of the user’s choice. At the moment it is mainly European languages which are on the menu as the developers explained that support for Chinese, for example, would require more development to incorporate ‘tone’.

But this type of technology is also important for the medical world and could help improve the quality of life for people who have no longer have the ability for speech due to an operation, illness, or accident. Such was the case for American film critic Roger Ebert who lost his voice four years ago following an operation. This week he unveiled a bespoke piece of voice-generating software on the Oprah Winfrey Show which has enabled him to speak again for the first time since the surgery that robbed him of his voice.

The device was developed by Edinburgh speech synthesis company, Cereproc, and what makes this machine stand out is that the computer-generated output sounds like Mr Ebert’s voice and not an electronic reproduction. The BBC reported how this was made possible through a process of accessing recordings of Mr Ebert’s voice, breaking these down into individual sounds, completing a transcription stage and finally reassembling everything. The user types out what he/she would like to say and the computer generates a ‘human’ voice. Mr Ebert commented that ‘It still needs improvements, but at least it sounds like me.’

These innovative technologies could well become common place in the future and what may seem like science fiction today, may be everyday communication tools when the products become market ready. For example, the ongoing work with the Silent Sounds device includes developing a system which is operable in offices and budding MI5 agents, military personnel, cinema-goers wishing to communicate from inside the theatre and even commuters will surely be adding it to their wish lists.

Further development stages and lots of tweaking are undoubtedly the order of the day for these devices and the jury is still out on the degree of success with which the automatic translation application will deal with the nuances and complexities of language. However, from those who would prefer to use silent communication for security reasons to the truly life-changing experience of giving people their voice back, there is no doubt that voice-generating technology is certainly hitting all the right notes.

Crowdsourcing: friend or foe?

March 2nd, 2010

Crowdsourcing is a relatively new concept, which means “outsourcing to a crowd of people”. Wikipedia is probably the best known example of crowdsourcing, and over a fairly short period of time people from all over the world have managed to compile an online encyclopaedia, several times the size of “Britannica”. Anyone can submit articles on anything they have a particular interest in, and once these articles are available online anyone else is free to edit or elaborate on the articles, suggest improvements etc.

A similar project has been established for online translation: Google Translate. Again, anyone can add to the word lists of any language pair, and over a couple of years contributors from the entire globe have compiled what would have taken decades for the editorial team of a printed dictionary.

All this sounds great: we might as well throw away our encyclopaedias and dictionaries and make all librarians and translators redundant. However, there is one serious problem with crowdsourcing: reliability. The very advantage of compiling large amounts of information in a short time has turned out to be a disadvantage; this information is only as reliable as the people who submit it. Often the editors of Wikipedia and Google Translate are only able to correct false information because this has been pointed out to them by users of the sites. Google Translate has recently provided a good example of this, where “USA is to blame”, became “USA is not to blame” when translated into Russian, while “Russia is to blame” was translated as “Russia is to blame”. This could have been done as a prank, or perhaps for political reasons. Another similar situation arose when the medical term “cardiomyopathy” was translated into an obscene word in Hungarian. This was no doubt also done as a prank, but it could have caused serious embarrassment had it been inserted into a medical document.

Just these two examples clearly illustrate that whilst crowdsourcing allows information to be compiled and translated much quicker than usual, it is a good idea to exercise caution when using the power of the crowd to translate important documentation.

Interpreters out of the picture

March 1st, 2010

The Climate Change Conference in December 2009 was an event of huge political significance, bringing together representatives from more than 190 countries from around the world. With such an international delegate list, it is no surprise that an army of interpreters were required to aid communication between leaders from all four corners of the globe. Yet, when we examine the media coverage of the event, the interpreters were all but invisible, very rarely even appearing in photographs of the conference. For a month the eyes of the world’s media were on the Danish capital and the key speeches reported on in countless languages. British newspapers quoted politicians as if they had all spoken English, in France it was reported as if they had all spoken French and Japanese journalists gave quotes from politicians in Japanese. This is by no means an uncommon practice as very rarely do publications give credit to the interpreters who provide the translations.

The role of interpreters in high profile organisations such as the United Nations and in matters of international diplomacy is better recognised. The 2005 film “The Interpreter” brought the profession to Hollywood and offered a glimpse into the demanding nature of the job. Of course, not all interpreters are employed to relay information in political negotiations; the majority are found dealing with immigration, health or legal matters for private individuals or representing companies as they conduct business with overseas markets. However, the subject knowledge or language skills of these ‘behind-the-scenes’ interpreters is not be underestimated. Whether in the European Parliament, or in a doctor’s surgery in the UK, it is essential for a good interpreter to not only have an accurate understanding of the situation, but also the ability to relay crucial information without bias.

The Translation People work with a reliable network of professional interpreters and can provide interpreting services in all major language combinations, including community languages spoken in the UK. Whether you are hosting an international conference or an informal meeting, our interpreters can ensure that language barriers do not prevent your message from being understood.

Early learning: the rise of multilingual and bilingual foreign language schemes for children

February 25th, 2010

From Chile to Scotland, the prevalence and popularity of pre-school language programmes are booming as the professional, cultural and educational benefits brought about by the ability to speak another language are becoming more apparent. Coupled with research work carried out by academic and European institutions into multilingualism and its effects, these pioneering schemes are taking the world by storm.

In Chile it is English language classes which are on offer, whilst in Scotland the language du jour is French. On 15 February, the Santiago Times reported on the increased demand of language classes for pre-school children. As a result, many bilingual kindergartens for children between the ages of three and four have sprung up across the country. Such is the demand that long waiting lists are commonplace and the Instituto Norteamericano (ICHN) – one of the forerunners in the field of bilingual education for children – has had to open a January summer school to cope with the high number of applicants. Parents hope that learning English at this early age will boost their child’s chances of entering one of the many bilingual primary schools.

Over in Europe meanwhile, Piccolingo has received similar acclaim. This European Commission incentive is aimed at ‘raising parents’ awareness of the benefits of early language learning and providing practical information and support.’ Parents have been embracing the scheme wholeheartedly and one particular success story has been making national headlines in the UK. Piccolingo launched an international Facebook competition in December 2009 whereby parents submitted their innovative ideas for teaching foreign languages to young children. The winner was Lingobaby, a company founded by Fiona Moffat – a modern languages teacher in Scotland. Wanting to introduce her son to foreign languages at an early age and faced with a distinct lack of appropriate services, she set up Lingobaby which offers children from birth to 5 years old the opportunity to experience foreign languages. The rest is history: the first Children’s Language Centre in Scotland was launched in 2008 offering free play sessions with bilingual toys, games, songs, stories and sensory activities through the medium of French. There is also lingo homeplay which offers multilingual toys, CDs and musical instruments in French German, Italian, Spanish and Polish languages. (The link between language and music was also highlighted in an article published by the Independent on Sunday, when it was reported that playing a musical instrument could ‘help youngsters better process speech in noisy classrooms and more accurately interpret the nuances of language that are conveyed by subtle changes in the human voice.’)

For governmental schemes, a bilingual education scheme in Spain is underway and is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, regional governments and the British Council. Around 700 state schools are involved and a curriculum in English and Spanish is provided to children aged between 3 and 16. Lessons take place in English and Spanish on alternate days and the programme has proved to be immensely popular nationwide since its inception with both stakeholders and participants alike.

For academic institutions, research into childhood multilingualism also abound. One example is the University of London, Birkbeck, who are holding a conference in March 2010 entitled ‘Bringing up bilingual and multilingual children.’ The Department of Applied Linguistics and Communication are to host the event which will cover such themes as the best way for children to learn languages with the least amount of stress; early years learning and language development; and multilingual schooling. Experts in the fields of bilingual education, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics and speech and language therapies will be in attendance, along with parents and grandparents who have experience of raising children multilingually.

Early learning linguistic schemes are proving popular worldwide and with all the exciting developments in multilingualism, it would appear that foreign language teaching to children is certainly doing its part to break down global language barriers.

Sources: BBC; www.teachingenglish.org; www.bbk.ac.uk

What’s on the menu in the world of culinary translation?

February 19th, 2010

Translations and language issues in the world of food have been making headlines recently: a food App for the iPhone has been taking the culinary world by storm and Google’s image to text translation facility – Google Goggles – was showcased at the Mobile World Congress. Unfortunately, other linguistic renderings have been missing some of their vital ingredients!

The FoodGuide App has been developed for the iPhone by ditter.projektagentur GmbH. According to prMac.com it boasts a translation facility in English, German and Spanish; detailed consumer reports; information about European foods and photographs. Nine months in the making, it quickly became a best seller and was voted the best App in Apple’s Lifestyle category. Over 1,500 products are listed in five languages – including their scientific names. Once downloaded, no Internet connection is required, enabling food enthusiasts worldwide to enjoy reviews, translations and images whilst on the move.

At the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona this month, Google showcased their new prototype of image to text translation called Google Goggles in a demonstration which displayed how a menu written in German could be instantly translated into English. According to the new Google Translate Blog, the technology works through a connection from a smartphone’s camera to an optical character recognition (OCR) engine, which accesses Google Translate and in turn, provides a translation of the text contained in the image. Currently only German and English languages are supported, but the aim is to make this service available in all of the 52 languages offered by Google Translate.

Not exactly a mistranslation, but rather a case of non-translation came to light when the Arizona Daily Sun reported on linguistic events at the Navajo Nation Reservation: an area covering over 27,000 square miles in the states of Utah, Arizona and New Mexico. The Navajo language does not have a strong written history, but is spoken in the home by over half of the 250,000 population. However, when many Navajo families became stranded due to heavy snow at the beginning of February and 39,000 freeze-dried food packages were delivered, the food labels and preparation instructions were entirely in English! As no translations were provided, many of the elders who do not understand written English refused to eat the meals. In such extreme weather conditions, the decision not to provide a simple translation could have been fatal.

Spanish-American food relations have also taken a bit of a battering with the news that elBulli (the world-renowned Catalan restaurant famous for its celebrity chef – Ferran Adrià – and molecular gastronomy) was to close its doors permanently and become a foundation for professional chefs. The international press soon picked up on this story and news of the closure quickly spread in food circles worldwide. However, Mr Adrià subsequently gave an interview to Spanish newspaper El País stating that the New York Times who originally broke the story had ‘misunderstood’ him and that the restaurant would at some point in the future be serving meals to the public. There is still a lot of mystery surrounding this misinterpretation and whether it stemmed from language-related issues. It was, nevertheless, a story which shook the food world.

The fusion of language and cuisine has certainly come to the fore internationally in recent months and diners, critics and linguists alike are wondering what will be on the menu for 2010!

Real-time speech-to-speech translation on the menu for Google

February 16th, 2010

Google recently announced that it was working on a real-time speech recognition app for phones powered by the Android operating system. The Internet giant has a strong interest in language translation technology and the last six months alone have seen Google launch automatic captions (autocaps) for YouTube videos which use automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology; the inclusion of new languages and additional features with Google Translate; and there was its collaboration with Wikipedia in relation to the Swahili language translation competition. Declaring that this app could be market-ready within the decade has caused a few eyebrows to be raised in the linguistic community. However, by going to press just before this week’s Mobile World Congress 2010, meant the announcement sent ripples of excitement through the mobile technology and cell phone market.

Google already has the technology in place to allow for speech-to-text translation, with both the Nexus One phone and also the Google Maps application where audio input is converted into text. However, these automatic real-time translation developments are significant because, as reported in The Times (7 February 2010), the new software will be ‘capable of understanding a caller’s voice and translating it into a synthetic equivalent in a foreign language.’ Speech will be analysed in ‘packages’ and the phone will be intelligently trained to recognize the speaker’s voice. Exciting though these developments are, there is always the caveat emptor which comes hand in hand with automatic translation tools, in that mistranslations could arise due to the lack of human post-editing. Professional translators and interpreters study for many years to perfect their skills and the pitfalls of automatic machine translation could be heightened if the phone is unfamiliar with a speaker’s accent, or if the audio input becomes distorted by background noise for example.

Living in the digital world is no guarantee that people in the street will be willing to provide their voices for this intelligent translation technology software. Nevertheless, the ability of such a device to gain basic information in emergency situations has not gone unnoticed. Another Google language product is the GPS navigation system with voice guidance for phones with Android – and if combined with real-time two-way translation software, such a device could prove to be extremely useful for military, medical and humanitarian personnel.

Meanwhile, at the Mobile World Congress 2010, Toshiba will be demonstrating its TG02 smartphone with Voice Translation app. The technology news website Ixplora.com reports that speech recognition, machine translation and speech synthesis technology translates the speaker’s input language in real-time, producing a synthesized audio output in the chosen foreign language – all without the need for an Internet connection.

The World Mobile Congress is being held until 18 February in Barcelona where it will be seen whether the showcased technologies meet the approval of technophiles worldwide.

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